I can't answer all of that, since I'm not AA, but I can at least take a small load off of Migflanker here
There's a fine line between AA and not AA. But your best rule of thumb is that if the plane is painted as AA, it should be ok. US Airways I'm not sure about. Every merger has that weird limbo time where things are being ironed out and not everything is seamless, and that's definitely where AA/US is at. But you may see some codeshare flight numbers. That means another airline is operating a flight, but selling seats with an AA flight number. For example, a Cathay Pacific flight to SFO would probably have an AA flight number. That's still a Cathay Pacific flight, and you would not be eligible for that. On the other hand, American Eagle flights would be A-OK. Again, look at what's painted on here, and hope you don't come across this monster File:Northwest Airlines-KLM DC-10 hybrid livery Spijkers.jpg - Wikimedia Commons (that was used to announce a partnership between NW and KL years ago... it's actually a NW plane. The other side has the same thing, but reversed)
I remember reading on here about a nonrev who was given a seat in F despite being listed for Y, and they did get charged for it.
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